Supplementary Material
Title: A Semiempirical Quantum Mechanical Solvation Model for Solvation
Free Energies in n-Hexadecane
Authors: David J. Giesen, Joey W. Storer, Christopher J. Cramer*, and
Donald G. Truhlar*
Paper submitted to: J. Amer. Chem. Soc.
Date: Nov. 3, 1994
This supplementary material consists of the three appendices. Appendix A
contains the complete partial derivative of a CM1 charge with respect to the
density matrix. Appendix B contains the parameters used in producing the
model.
,
,
,
and
,
Appendix C gives the AM1 and PM3 results for the entire test set of 153
molecules and other molecules of interest.
Appendix A
Appendix A is the partial derivative of a CM1 charge with respect to the density matrix.
Appendix B
Table B1: Parameters not given in text that are used in calculating 
and 
A =
B =
C =
D =
A B C D
Atom Å Å Å
H 1.20 0.590 1.283 -0.30
He 1.84 a a a
C 1.60 1.780 a a
N 1.55 1.760 a a
O 1.52 1.450 0.800 0.65
S 1.80 1.391 a a
F 1.47 1.370 a a
Ne 1.83 a a a
Cl 1.75 1.650 a a
Ar 1.88 a a a
Br 1.85 1.750 a a
I 1.98 1.880 a a
a Not a parameter.
Table B2: COG parameters for O-O interactionsa
A = 
B = 
C = 
D = 
A B C D
9.0 1.75 1.7 0.9
a All for which either 
or 
is not oxygen are set equal to zero in the SM4 mode
l for n-hexadecane.
Appendix C
Table C-1. AM1 and PM3 calculated and experimental free energies of
solvation (kcal/mol) for the 153 compounds in the parameterization
data set and miscellaneous compounds discussed in the text.
A =
B = 
C = 
D =
E = 
F = 
AM1 PM3
Unbranched Alkanes A B C D E A B C D E F
methane -0.02 -10.21 10.36 0.15 0.13 0.00 -10.24 10.30 0.07 0.07 0.45 e
ethane -0.03 -12.20 11.68 -0.52 -0.55 -0.01 -12.26 11.64 -0.62 -0.63 -0.67 e
propane -0.01 -13.99 12.69 -1.30 -1.31 0.00 -14.07 12.66 -1.40 -1.40 -1.43 e
n-butane 0.01 -15.74 13.69 -2.04 -2.03 0.00 -15.83 13.67 -2.16 -2.16 -2.20 e
n-pentane 0.04 -17.48 14.70 -2.78 -2.74 0.01 -17.59 14.67 -2.91 -2.90 -2.95 e
n-hexane 0.06 -19.21 15.70 -3.52 -3.46 0.02 -19.34 15.68 -3.67 -3.65 -3.64 e
n-heptane 0.09 -20.95 16.70 -4.25 -4.16 0.03 -21.10 16.68 -4.42 -4.39 -4.33 e
n-octane 0.13 -22.69 17.70 -4.99 -4.86 0.05 -22.86 17.69 -5.18 -5.13 -5.02 e
n-hexadecane 0.40 -36.62 25.72 -10.90 -10.50 0.15 -36.94 25.72 -11.21 -11.06 -10.52 e
Mean Error 0.09 RMS Error 0.18 Mean Error -0.10 RMS Error 0.23
AM1 PM3
Branched Alkanes A B C D E A B C D E F
isobutane 0.00 -15.48 13.46 -2.02 -2.02 0.00 -15.57 13.44 -2.12 -2.12 -1.92 e
neopentane 0.01 -16.70 14.05 -2.65 -2.64 0.00 -16.79 14.06 -2.74 -2.74 -2.48 e
2-methylpentane 0.06 -18.49 15.16 -3.33 -3.27 0.02 -18.53 15.11 -3.42 -3.40 -3.45 c
2,4-dimethylpentane 0.08 -19.75 15.79 -3.96 -3.88 0.03 -19.81 15.76 -4.05 -4.02 -3.87 c
2,2,4-trimethylpentane 0.10 -20.53 16.14 -4.39 -4.29 0.04 -20.66 16.16 -4.50 -4.46 -4.24 e
2,3,4-trimethylpentane 0.08 -20.19 15.98 -4.21 -4.13 0.08 -20.19 15.98 -4.21 -4.13 -4.64 c
Mean Error 0.06 RMS Error 0.23 Mean Error -0.04 RMS Error 0.28
AM1 PM3
Cycloalkanes A B C D E A B C D E F
cyclopropane -0.17 -13.43 12.18 -1.25 -1.42 -0.08 -13.53 12.17 -1.36 -1.44 -1.78 b
cyclopentane -0.07 -15.90 13.75 -2.14 -2.21 -0.05 -16.01 13.74 -2.27 -2.32 -3.38 e
cyclohexane 0.02 -17.01 14.37 -2.63 -2.61 0.01 -17.12 14.36 -2.76 -2.75 -4.04 e
Mean Error 0.99 RMS Error 1.09 Mean Error 0.90 RMS Error 0.98
AM1 PM3
Alkenes A B C D E A B C D E F
ethene -0.21 -11.89 11.17 -0.72 -0.93 -0.10 -11.97 11.14 -0.83 -0.93 -0.39 e
propene -0.24 -13.86 12.38 -1.48 -1.72 -0.13 -13.93 12.35 -1.58 -1.71 -1.29 e
1-butene -0.18 -15.65 13.44 -2.20 -2.38 -0.10 -15.73 13.41 -2.32 -2.42 -2.03 e
1-pentene -0.14 -17.38 14.44 -2.94 -3.08 -0.09 -17.48 14.42 -3.06 -3.15 -2.79 e
1-hexene -0.11 -19.12 15.45 -3.67 -3.78 -0.08 -19.24 15.42 -3.82 -3.90 -3.51 e
Mean Error -0.38 RMS Error 0.39 Mean Error -0.42 RMS Error 0.42
AM1 PM3
Alkynes A B C D E A B C D E F
ethyne -0.96 -9.63 10.57 0.94 -0.02 -0.72 -9.70 10.57 0.87 0.15 -0.20 e
propyne -1.08 -12.57 12.08 -0.49 -1.57 -0.84 -12.60 12.05 -0.55 -1.39 -1.40 e
1-butyne -0.94 -14.53 13.20 -1.33 -2.27 -0.74 -14.59 13.18 -1.41 -2.15 -2.07 e
1-pentyne -0.87 -16.26 14.20 -2.06 -2.93 -0.69 -16.34 14.18 -2.16 -2.85 -2.74 e
1-hexyne -0.83 -18.00 15.20 -2.80 -3.63 -0.69 -18.10 15.19 -2.91 -3.60 -3.42 e
Mean Error -0.12 RMS Error 0.19 Mean Error 0.00 RMS Error 0.19
AM1 PM3
Aromatics A B C D E A B C D E F
benzene -1.05 -17.04 13.64 -3.40 -4.45 -0.63 -17.09 13.62 -3.47 -4.10 -3.80 e
toluene -1.04 -18.61 14.62 -3.99 -5.03 -0.64 -18.66 14.58 -4.07 -4.71 -4.54 e
ethylbenzene -0.92 -20.04 15.50 -4.55 -5.47 -0.58 -20.11 15.47 -4.64 -5.22 -5.15 e
m-xylene -1.03 -20.17 15.58 -4.58 -5.61 -0.65 -20.22 15.55 -4.67 -5.32 -5.24 e
o-xylene -1.07 -19.72 15.23 -4.48 -5.55 -0.67 -19.77 15.21 -4.57 -5.24 -5.37 e
p-xylene -1.02 -20.17 15.59 -4.58 -5.60 -0.65 -20.22 15.55 -4.67 -5.32 -5.24 e
naphthalene -1.69 -21.39 15.71 -5.69 -7.38 -1.06 -21.43 15.68 -5.75 -6.81 -7.04 e
anthracene -2.23 -25.74 17.77 -7.97 -10.20 -1.40 -25.78 17.74 -8.04 -9.44 -10.32 d
chrysene -2.83 -29.39 19.38 -10.02 -12.85 -1.81 -29.40 19.34 -10.06 -11.87 -14.10 d
Mean Error -0.15 RMS Error 0.56 Mean Error 0.31 RMS Error 0.81
A =
B =
C =
D =
E =
F =
AM1 PM3
Alcohols A B C D E A B C D E F
methanol -1.53 -10.75 11.04 0.29 -1.24 -1.42 -10.77 11.00 0.23 -1.19 -1.32 e
ethanol -1.43 -12.91 12.23 -0.68 -2.11 -1.32 -12.96 12.20 -0.75 -2.07 -2.03 e
1-propanol -1.34 -14.66 13.24 -1.42 -2.76 -1.26 -14.72 13.21 -1.51 -2.77 -2.77 e
2-propanol -0.99 -14.41 13.07 -1.34 -2.33 -0.98 -14.48 13.05 -1.43 -2.41 -2.47 b
1-butanol -1.12 -16.18 14.18 -2.00 -3.12 -1.11 -16.28 14.17 -2.11 -3.22 -3.55 e
1-pentanol -1.08 -17.93 15.19 -2.74 -3.82 -1.10 -18.04 15.17 -2.87 -3.97 -4.24 e
1-decanol -1.11 -26.84 20.25 -6.59 -7.70 -1.16 -27.03 20.24 -6.79 -7.95 -7.68 e
t-butanol -0.93 -15.90 13.76 -2.14 -3.07 -0.92 -15.97 13.76 -2.21 -3.13 -2.74 b
cyclopentanol -0.91 -16.20 14.10 -2.09 -3.00 -0.90 -16.32 14.10 -2.22 -3.12 -4.42 e
allyl alcohol -1.64 -14.30 12.90 -1.40 -3.04 -1.37 -14.36 12.87 -1.49 -2.86 -2.71 b
phenol -2.46 -17.34 14.09 -3.25 -5.71 -1.93 -17.38 14.06 -3.31 -5.24 -5.14 e
Mean Error 0.10 RMS Error 0.52 Mean Error 0.10 RMS Error 0.44
AM1 PM3
Aldehydes A B C D E A B C D E F
formaldehyde -1.87 -9.90 10.50 0.60 -1.27 -1.93 -9.92 10.46 0.54 -1.39 -0.99 b
acetaldehyde -1.84 -11.98 11.84 -0.14 -1.98 -1.89 -12.02 11.81 -0.21 -2.10 -1.68 e
propanal -1.62 -13.82 12.82 -1.00 -2.62 -1.67 -13.89 12.81 -1.08 -2.75 -2.48 e
butanal -1.53 -15.56 13.82 -1.74 -3.27 -1.61 -15.65 13.82 -1.83 -3.44 -3.10 e
pentanal -1.57 -17.24 14.90 -2.34 -3.91 -1.70 -17.33 14.88 -2.46 -4.16 -3.89 e
benzaldehyde -2.24 -18.41 14.69 -3.72 -5.96 -1.94 -18.45 14.67 -3.78 -5.72 -5.47 e
Mean Error -0.23 RMS Error 0.28 Mean Error -0.33 RMS Error 0.33
AM1 PM3
Ketones A B C D E A B C D E F
acetone -1.84 -13.77 12.84 -0.93 -2.77 -1.84 -13.84 12.82 -1.01 -2.85 -2.31 e
2-butanone -1.62 -15.57 13.82 -1.76 -3.38 -1.63 -15.67 13.81 -1.87 -3.50 -3.12 e
2-pentanone -1.52 -17.31 14.82 -2.50 -4.02 -1.55 -17.43 14.81 -2.62 -4.17 -3.76 e
3-pentanone -1.41 -17.37 14.78 -2.59 -4.00 -1.43 -17.51 14.79 -2.72 -4.15 -3.83 b
2-hexanone -1.45 -19.03 15.81 -3.22 -4.67 -1.50 -19.16 15.80 -3.36 -4.86 -4.45 e
4-heptanone -1.21 -20.85 16.79 -4.06 -5.27 -1.28 -21.02 16.79 -4.23 -5.51 -5.20 b
5-nonanone -1.16 -24.33 18.79 -5.54 -6.70 -1.27 -24.53 18.80 -5.73 -7.00 -6.46 e
cyclopentanone -1.67 -15.63 13.96 -1.67 -3.34 -1.73 -15.73 13.94 -1.79 -3.52 -4.39 e
acetophenone -2.23 -19.80 15.54 -4.26 -6.49 -1.93 -19.89 15.53 -4.36 -6.29 -6.14 e
Mean Error -0.11 RMS Error 0.44 Mean Error -0.24 RMS Error 0.48
AM1 PM3
Esters A B C D E A B C D E F
methyl formate -1.24 -12.76 12.32 -0.44 -1.68 -0.66 -12.86 12.31 -0.55 -1.21 -1.75 e
ethyl formate -1.12 -14.87 13.51 -1.36 -2.48 -0.57 -14.99 13.50 -1.49 -2.06 -2.52 e
methyl acetate -1.03 -14.87 13.53 -1.34 -2.37 -0.54 -14.98 13.52 -1.46 -2.00 -2.61 e
methyl propanoate -0.76 -16.69 14.52 -2.17 -2.93 -0.28 -16.83 14.51 -2.32 -2.60 -2.68 b
ethyl acetate -0.95 -16.95 14.66 -2.29 -3.24 -0.56 -17.10 14.64 -2.46 -3.02 -3.16 e
methyl butanoate -0.64 -18.43 15.52 -2.91 -3.55 -0.20 -18.58 15.51 -3.07 -3.27 -4.01 b
butyl acetate -0.84 -20.43 16.67 -3.76 -4.60 -0.44 -20.61 16.66 -3.95 -4.39 -4.57 e
pentyl acetate -0.80 -22.18 17.67 -4.50 -5.30 -0.48 -22.38 17.65 -4.72 -5.20 -5.24 e
ethyl -0.15 -44.89 30.64 -14.24 -14.39 0.03 -45.33 30.68 -14.65 -14.62 -13.69 f
octadecanoate
Mean Error -0.03 RMS Error 0.31 Mean Error 0.21 RMS Error 0.51
AM1 PM3
Ethers A B C D E A B C D E F
dimethyl ether -0.85 -12.95 12.23 -0.72 -1.57 -0.61 -13.01 12.19 -0.83 -1.44 -1.28 b
diethyl ether -0.67 -17.15 14.53 -2.62 -3.29 -0.50 -17.25 14.51 -2.74 -3.24 -2.75 e
anisole -1.57 -19.27 15.13 -4.14 -5.71 -1.01 -19.36 15.11 -4.25 -5.26 -5.35 b
tetrahydrofuran -1.02 -14.96 13.40 -1.56 -2.58 -0.77 -15.07 13.38 -1.69 -2.46 -3.60 e
p-dioxane -1.42 -15.26 13.73 -1.53 -2.95 -1.02 -15.37 13.71 -1.66 -2.68 -3.84 c
Mean Error 0.14 RMS Error 0.68 Mean Error 0.37 RMS Error 0.79
A =
B =
C =
D =
E =
F =
AM1 PM3
Amines A B C D E A B C D E F
ethylamine -0.93 -13.42 12.40 -1.02 -1.95 -0.65 -13.54 12.37 -1.17 -1.82 -2.29 e
propylamine -0.86 -15.14 13.39 -1.75 -2.61 -0.62 -15.30 13.38 -1.92 -2.54 -2.92 e
butylamine -0.81 -16.88 14.39 -2.49 -3.30 -0.59 -17.05 14.38 -2.67 -3.26 -3.57 e
pentylamine -0.76 -18.63 15.40 -3.23 -3.99 -0.57 -18.81 15.39 -3.43 -4.00 -4.28 e
dimethylamine -0.78 -13.52 12.45 -1.08 -1.86 -0.50 -13.66 12.43 -1.24 -1.74 -2.18 e
diethylamine -0.38 -17.34 14.65 -2.69 -3.07 -0.27 -17.47 14.63 -2.84 -3.11 -3.27 e
dipropylamine -0.24 -20.78 16.64 -4.15 -4.39 -0.22 -20.99 16.64 -4.35 -4.57 -4.57 e
trimethylamine -0.63 -15.07 13.28 -1.79 -2.42 -0.23 -15.21 13.28 -1.93 -2.16 -2.21 e
aniline -2.25 -18.04 14.29 -3.75 -6.00 -1.79 -18.18 14.28 -3.90 -5.69 -5.44 b
N-methylaniline -1.72 -19.67 15.26 -4.41 -6.13 -1.25 -19.74 15.24 -4.50 -5.75 -6.19 c
Mean Error 0.12 RMS Error 0.30 Mean Error 0.23 RMS Error 0.32
AM1 PM3
Nitriles A B C D E A B C D E F
acetonitrile -2.45 -11.62 11.71 0.09 -2.36 -2.72 -11.67 11.68 0.01 -2.71 -2.37 e
propionitrile -2.18 -13.34 12.84 -0.50 -2.68 -2.43 -13.40 12.82 -0.59 -3.02 -2.84 e
butanonitrile -2.02 -15.08 13.84 -1.24 -3.26 -2.29 -15.16 13.82 -1.33 -3.62 -3.48 e
benzonitrile -2.06 -18.03 14.76 -3.27 -5.33 -2.04 -18.07 14.74 -3.33 -5.37 -5.51 e
Mean Error 0.14 RMS Error 0.16 Mean Error -0.13 RMS Error 0.21
AM1 PM3
Pyridines A B C D E A B C D E F
pyridine -1.83 -15.98 13.41 -2.58 -4.41 -1.36 -16.07 13.39 -2.68 -4.04 -4.09 b
2-methylpyridine -1.84 -17.87 14.48 -3.38 -5.22 -1.33 -17.96 14.46 -3.49 -4.82 -4.68 b
3-methylpyridine -1.76 -17.56 14.39 -3.17 -4.93 -1.35 -17.64 14.36 -3.28 -4.63 -4.91 b
4-methylpyridine -1.83 -17.56 14.39 -3.18 -5.01 -1.39 -17.64 14.36 -3.29 -4.68 -4.89 b
2,4-dimethylpyridine -1.83 -19.44 15.46 -3.98 -5.81 -1.35 -19.50 15.42 -4.08 -5.43 -5.52 b
2,5-dimethylpyridine -1.84 -19.43 15.47 -3.95 -5.79 -1.38 -19.48 15.43 -4.05 -5.43 -5.52 b
Mean Error -0.26 RMS Error 0.31 Mean Error 0.10 RMS Error 0.17
A =
B =
C =
D =
E =
F =
AM1 PM3
Fluorinated
hydrocarbons A B C D E A B C D E F
fluoroethane -0.66 -11.91 12.00 0.09 -0.57 -0.63 0.00 0.00 -0.02 -0.65 -0.76 e
1-fluoropropane -0.60 -13.67 13.01 -0.67 -1.27 -0.59 -13.77 12.98 -0.79 -1.38 -1.46 e
1-fluorohexane -0.50 -18.89 16.01 -2.89 -3.39 -0.55 -19.05 15.99 -3.06 -3.61 -4.03 e
1-fluorooctane -0.45 -22.37 18.01 -4.36 -4.81 -0.53 -22.57 18.00 -4.57 -5.10 -5.25 e
fluorobenzene -1.07 -16.67 13.94 -2.73 -3.80 -0.79 -16.70 13.92 -2.78 -3.57 -3.80 e
Mean Error 0.29 RMS Error 0.37 Mean Error 0.18 RMS Error 0.23
AM1 PM3
Chloroalkanes A B C D E A B C D E F
chloromethane -0.73 -12.24 11.35 -0.89 -1.62 -0.73 -12.34 11.35 -0.99 -1.72 -1.58 b
chloroethane -0.75 -14.06 12.49 -1.57 -2.32 -0.77 -14.13 12.47 -1.67 -2.44 -2.29 e
1-chloropropane -0.65 -15.83 13.49 -2.34 -2.99 -0.68 -15.92 13.48 -2.44 -3.12 -3.00 e
2-chloropropane -0.79 -15.61 13.34 -2.27 -3.06 -0.79 -15.67 13.32 -2.35 -3.14 -2.69 e
dichloromethane -0.83 -14.15 12.23 -1.92 -2.75 -0.87 -14.22 12.22 -1.99 -2.86 -2.75 e
trichloromethane -0.57 -15.91 12.98 -2.93 -3.50 -0.66 -15.89 12.96 -2.93 -3.59 -3.38 e
1,2-dichloroethane -0.79 -15.93 13.29 -2.64 -3.43 -0.80 -16.02 13.28 -2.73 -3.53 -3.51 e
1,1,1-trichloroethane -0.61 -17.22 13.78 -3.44 -4.05 -0.53 -17.21 13.75 -3.47 -4.00 -3.73 e
1,1,2-trichloroethane -0.85 -17.39 13.88 -3.51 -4.36 -0.91 -17.40 13.86 -3.55 -4.46 -4.49 e
Mean Error -0.07 RMS Error 0.18 Mean Error -0.16 RMS Error 0.21
AM1 PM3
Chloroalkenes A B C D E A B C D E F
allyl chloride -0.70 -15.71 13.21 -2.51 -3.21 -0.67 -15.79 13.19 -2.61 -3.28 -2.87 b
cis-1,2-chloroethene -0.72 -15.53 12.87 -2.66 -3.38 -0.69 -15.47 12.80 -2.67 -3.36 -3.33 e
trans-1,2-chloroethene -0.37 -15.81 13.00 -2.81 -3.18 -0.35 -15.80 12.97 -2.83 -3.18 -3.11 e
trichloroethene -0.31 -17.32 13.64 -3.68 -3.99 -0.28 -17.22 13.58 -3.65 -3.93 -4.08 b
tetrachloroethene -0.04 -18.76 14.24 -4.52 -4.56 0.00 -18.65 14.19 -4.46 -4.46 -4.88 b
Mean Error -0.01 RMS Error 0.22 Mean Error 0.01 RMS Error 0.27
AM1 PM3
Chlorinated
aromatics A B C D E A B C D E F
chlorobenzene -1.05 -18.70 14.40 -4.30 -5.35 -0.67 -18.71 14.37 -4.34 -5.01 -4.99 e
o-dichlorobenzene -1.08 -20.05 14.99 -5.06 -6.14 -0.72 -20.03 14.95 -5.08 -5.80 -6.16 e
p-dichlorobenzene -0.86 -20.37 15.16 -5.21 -6.07 -0.55 -20.34 15.12 -5.22 -5.77 -6.02 e
Mean Error -0.13 RMS Error 0.21 Mean Error 0.20 RMS Error 0.25
AM1 PM3
Brominated
hydrocarbons A B C D E A B C D E F
bromoethane -0.75 -15.00 12.73 -2.28 -3.03 -0.76 -14.95 12.65 -2.30 -3.06 -2.89 e
1-bromopropane -0.63 -16.78 13.73 -3.05 -3.68 -0.63 -16.76 13.67 -3.08 -3.71 -3.57 e
2-bromopropane -0.80 -16.45 13.55 -2.90 -3.70 -0.85 -16.34 13.47 -2.88 -3.73 -3.25 b
1-bromobutane -0.58 -18.52 14.73 -3.79 -4.37 -0.52 -18.53 14.68 -3.85 -4.37 -4.24 e
1-bromopentane -0.56 -20.26 15.73 -4.53 -5.09 -0.61 -20.28 15.68 -4.60 -5.21 -4.93 e
bromobenzene -1.10 -19.60 14.63 -4.98 -6.08 -0.70 -19.57 14.58 -4.99 -5.69 -5.51 e
dibromomethane -0.53 -16.04 12.70 -3.34 -3.87 -0.52 -15.81 12.57 -3.23 -3.75 -3.94 e
tribromomethane -0.24 -18.47 13.61 -4.86 -5.10 -0.25 -17.79 13.33 -4.46 -4.71 -5.16 e
1,2-dibromoethane -0.72 -17.81 13.76 -4.05 -4.77 -0.71 -17.71 13.67 -4.04 -4.75 -4.62 b
Mean Error -0.17 RMS Error 0.26 Mean Error -0.10 RMS Error 0.27
AM1 PM3
Iodinated
hydrocarbons A B C D E A B C D E F
iodoethane -0.64 -15.94 12.99 -2.95 -3.59 -0.55 -15.80 12.88 -2.92 -3.47 -3.51 e
1-iodopropane -0.53 -17.71 13.99 -3.72 -4.25 -0.46 -17.61 13.90 -3.70 -4.16 -4.27 e
1-iodobutane -0.50 -19.45 14.99 -4.46 -4.96 -0.45 -19.37 14.91 -4.47 -4.92 -4.95 e
1-iodopentane -0.46 -21.19 15.99 -5.20 -5.66 -0.43 -21.13 15.91 -5.22 -5.65 -5.63 e
diiodomethane -0.34 -17.88 13.22 -4.66 -5.00 -0.51 -17.37 13.01 -4.37 -4.88 -5.26 e
iodobenzene -1.08 -20.51 14.89 -5.62 -6.70 -0.67 -20.40 14.81 -5.59 -6.26 -6.14 e
allyl iodide -0.55 -17.62 13.71 -3.91 -4.46 -0.46 -17.55 13.64 -3.91 -4.37 -4.10 b
Mean Error -0.11 RMS Error 0.27 Mean Error 0.02 RMS Error 0.19
A =
B =
C =
D =
E =
F =
AM1 PM3
Thiols A B C D E A B C D E F
ethanethiol -0.70 -14.88 12.73 -2.15 -2.85 -0.55 -15.04 12.75 -2.29 -2.84 -2.96 e
1-propanethiol -0.62 -16.63 13.73 -2.89 -3.51 -0.49 -16.79 13.76 -3.03 -3.52 -3.66 e
thiophenol -1.37 -19.36 14.55 -4.81 -6.18 -0.85 -19.48 14.58 -4.91 -5.76 -5.61 e
Mean Error -0.10 RMS Error 0.35 Mean Error 0.04 RMS Error 0.14
AM1 PM3
Sulfides A B C D E A B C D E F
dimethyl sulfide -0.69 -14.74 12.73 -2.01 -2.70 -0.76 -14.91 12.77 -2.15 -2.91 -3.05 e
diethyl sulfide -0.72 -18.11 14.88 -3.22 -3.94 -0.85 -18.39 14.93 -3.46 -4.31 -4.23 e
dipropyl sulfide -0.55 -21.58 16.89 -4.69 -5.24 -0.73 -21.89 16.94 -4.94 -5.67 -5.61 b
dimethyl disufide -1.46 -17.36 14.04 -3.32 -4.78 -1.70 -17.52 14.08 -3.45 -5.15 -4.83 b
Mean Error 0.26 RMS Error 0.29 Mean Error -0.08 RMS Error 0.18
AM1 PM3
4 or more elements
elements A B C D E A B C D E F
2,2,2-trifluoroethanol -3.15 -12.44 13.05 0.61 -2.54 -3.02 -12.44 13.01 0.57 -2.45 -1.67 e
1,1,2-trifluoro-1,2,2- -0.17 -16.73 14.42 -2.31 -2.48 -0.30 -16.62 14.36 -2.25 -2.55 -2.89 b
trichloroethane
1,1,1-trifluoroethyl -1.59 -16.58 15.21 -1.37 -2.96 -1.37 -16.64 15.16 -1.48 -2.85 -2.18 e
vinylether
1,1,1,2-tetrafluoro-2- -0.79 -14.36 13.74 -0.62 -1.41 -0.83 -14.02 13.55 -0.47 -1.30 -1.87 e
bromoethane
1,1,1-trifluoro-2- -0.64 -16.10 14.10 -2.00 -2.64 -0.77 -15.75 13.91 -1.84 -2.61 -2.97 e
chloro-2-bromoethane
methyl1,1-difluoro- -1.19 -18.19 15.06 -3.13 -4.32 -0.98 -18.18 14.99 -3.20 -4.18 -3.91 e
1,1-difluoro-2,2-
dichloroethylether
difluoromethyl1,1,2- -2.14 -15.94 15.10 -0.84 -2.98 -1.65 -15.97 15.03 -0.94 -2.59 -2.39 e
trifluoro-2-chloro-
ethylether
difluoromethyl -1.75 -15.61 15.08 -0.53 -2.28 -1.42 -15.65 15.05 -0.60 -2.02 -2.15 e
2,2,2-trifluoro-1-
chloroethylether
1,1,1,3,3,3-hexafluoro- -2.55 -13.49 14.38 0.89 -1.66 -2.43 -13.46 14.32 0.86 -1.57 -1.90 e
propan-2-ol
Mean Error -0.15 RMS Error 0.52 Mean Error -0.02 RMS Error 0.45
A =
B =
C =
D =
E =
F =
AM1 PM3
Inorganic compounds A B C D E A B C D E F
water -1.67 -8.23 9.50 1.27 -0.40 -1.52 -8.26 9.50 1.24 -0.28 -0.35 e
ammonia -2.52 -9.36 9.86 0.50 -2.02 -1.31 -9.55 9.86 0.31 -1.00 -0.93 e
Mean Error -0.57 RMS Error 0.77 Mean Error 0.00 RMS Error 0.07
AM1 PM3
Nitro Hyrocarbons A B C D E A B C D E F
nitroethane na na na na na 0.26 -16.95 13.12 -3.83 -3.57 -3.29 e
1-nitropropane na na na na na 0.33 -18.70 14.12 -4.58 -4.25 -3.95 e
2-nitropropane na na na na na 0.33 -18.19 13.87 -4.32 -3.99 -3.47 b
1-nitrobutane na na na na na 0.37 -20.45 15.12 -5.33 -4.96 -4.66 e
nitrobenzene na na na na na 0.54 -21.15 14.89 -6.25 -5.71 -6.22 e
2-nitrotoluene na na na na na 0.95 -21.96 15.53 -6.43 -5.48 -6.51 e
Mean Error 0.02 RMS Error 0.55
AM1 PM3
Carboxylic Acids A B C D E A B C D E F
acetic acid -1.51 -12.51 12.36 -0.15 -1.66 -0.80 -12.56 12.34 -0.22 -1.02 -2.39 e
propanoic acid -1.16 -14.35 13.34 -1.00 -2.16 -0.42 -14.43 13.33 -1.10 -1.52 -3.12 e
butanoic acid -1.04 -16.09 14.34 -1.74 -2.78 -0.33 -16.19 14.33 -1.86 -2.19 -3.86 e
Mean Error 0.92 RMS Error 0.93 Mean Error 1.55 RMS Error 1.55
AM1 PM3
Noble Gases A B C D E A B C D E F
heliumg 0.00 -7.47 9.85 2.38 2.38 na na na na na 2.38 b
neong 0.00 -7.66 9.82 2.16 2.16 na na na na na 2.16 b
argong 0.00 -9.02 9.97 0.95 0.95 na na na na na 0.95 b
Mean Error 0.00 RMS Error 0.00
AM1 PM3
Silanes A B C D E A B C D E F
tetramethylsilane -0.26 -18.56 14.89 -3.67 -3.93 -0.02 -18.91 14.97 -3.93 -3.95 -2.92 b
tetraethylsilane -0.12 -22.77 17.20 -5.57 -5.69 -0.52 -23.17 17.31 -5.87 -6.38 -5.86 b
Mean Error -0.42 RMS Error 0.73 Mean Error -0.52 RMS Error 0.73
AM1 PM3
Stannanes A B C D E A B C D E F
tetramethylstannane -0.39 -19.99 15.54 -4.46 -4.85 na na na na na -3.98 bh
tetraethylstannane -0.17 -24.37 18.01 -6.36 -6.53 na na na na na -6.93 bh
Mean Error -0.23 RMS Error 0.68
a Letter indicates the source of experimental data.
b Abraham, M. H.; Whiting, G. S. J. Chem. Soc., Perkin Trans. 2 1990, 291.
c Zhang, Y.; Dallas, A. J.; Carr, P. W. J. Chrom. 1993, 638, 43.
d Abraham, M. H. J. Chrom. 1993, 644, 95.
e Abraham, M. H. Chem. Soc. Revs. 1993, 22, 73.
f Abraham, M. H., personal communication.
g Calculated without use of either AM1 or PM3
h PM3 does not contain parameters for tin.
Appendix A is the partial derivative of a CM1 charge with respect to the density matrix.